Daijiworld Media Network - Mangaluru

Mangaluru, Sep 24: The El Niño effect has led to a significant decline in the normal rainfall across the country, with the coastal region recording a 29% rainfall deficit. As a result, the ground has already begun heating up in September, and preparations to face drought conditions may have to begin now.

Severe drought conditions have been reported in 57 taluks across 25 districts of the state, while moderate drought has been reported in 45 taluks. The coastal region, which normally receives abundant rainfall and frequently experiences flooding, has not witnessed floods this year. In Dakshina Kannada district, the normal rainfall by the end of September is 3,528.0 mm, whereas the district has received only 2,505.9 mm this year, resulting in a 29% rainfall deficit.

In 2017-18, Mangaluru and Bantwal were among the drought-affected areas, while Mangaluru and Moodbidri were on the list in 2023-24. This year, Beltangady has recorded a rainfall deficit of 1,345 mm, Bantwal 1,189 mm, Mangaluru 1,225 mm, Puttur 1,496 mm, Sullia 310 mm, Moodbidri 1,123 mm, Kadaba 561 mm, Mulki 1,518 mm and Ullal 1,033 mm. Among these, Beltangady, Mangaluru and Mulki have recorded the highest rainfall deficits.

Dakshina Kannada district has recorded a 29% rainfall deficit. According to the central government's drought management guidelines, a district is considered drought-affected when the rainfall deficit reaches 33%. Weather department experts say that if the coastal district does not receive adequate rainfall during the post-monsoon season as well, it is certain to be declared drought-affected.

Normally, at least three to four spells of heavy rain occur between June and August, resulting in floods. However, this year, flooding occurred only once following a spell of heavy rain. The drizzle that usually occurs during the Aati month increases the water seepage and groundwater recharge, but this year, the water seepage has already declined.

The heat and warmth of the soil normally experienced in March have been witnessed as early as September this year, causing further concern.

Considering the coastal climate, paddy crops require heavy rainfall during August and September. When abundant rainfall is received during these months, farmers expect a good harvest. However, adequate rainfall has not been received during August and September this year.

As a result, the paddy crop, which normally remains lush green, has changed colour and begun to appear scorched. The paddy ears, which should have sprouted and bent under their weight, have not shown the expected growth this year. Moreover, paddy cultivation itself has declined by around 40-50% compared to normal this year.