Daijiworld Media Network - Mumbai
Mumbai, Dec 14: Winter is often associated with cosy sweaters, hot chocolate and festive cheer, but for children, the colder months can quietly strain their growing bodies. Many parents notice a familiar pattern every year — one cold followed by another, persistent sniffles and frequent school absences — as winter places added pressure on a child’s still-developing immune system.
Cold weather allows viruses to survive longer, while increased time spent indoors makes it easier for infections to spread among children. Reduced exposure to sunlight during shorter days can also lead to lower vitamin D levels, which play a vital role in immunity and bone health. Limited outdoor play and heavier winter diets, often low in fresh produce, further weaken the body’s ability to fight common infections.
Winter can also affect a child’s growth in subtle ways. Less physical activity may impact muscle strength and coordination, while changes in sleep patterns can interfere with the release of growth hormones. Repeated illnesses can dull appetite and affect nutrient absorption, both of which are essential for healthy physical development.
“Winter is a time children eagerly look forward to Christmas celebrations, vacations and spending time with family. However, it is also the season when children tend to suffer from colds, coughs, flu, sinusitis, pneumonia and throat irritation,” said Dr Shruti Ghatalia, paediatrician at Zynova Shalby Hospital, Mumbai. She added that children with asthma or bronchitis need to be especially cautious during this period.
Dr Ghatalia noted that frequent illnesses can lead to missed school days and impact academic performance. “Dry air irritates the respiratory tract and makes it easier for viruses to enter the body. Shorter daylight hours reduce sunlight exposure, leading to low vitamin D levels, which affects immunity and bone health,” she said.
She emphasised that parents can protect their children by focusing on balanced nutrition, adequate sleep, regular physical activity and safe exposure to sunlight. Seasonal vegetables, vitamin C-rich fruits, warm fluids and avoiding junk food can help boost immunity. Maintaining good personal hygiene, following cough and cold etiquette, and ensuring timely vaccinations, including the flu shot, are also crucial.
Doctors advise parents to encourage children to stay active even indoors, dress them in warm layers, and ensure they get sufficient rest. Any warning signs such as dehydration, persistent cough or breathlessness should be reported to a doctor without delay.
With mindful care and small lifestyle adjustments, parents can help ensure that children remain healthy, active and continue to grow well, even during the coldest winter months.