By Sarah Elizabeth Varghese 

In a world that is evolving at an unprecedented pace, today's youth—seen as symbols of hope and aspiration—are increasingly being ensnared by the clutches of addiction. Among the various forms of substance misuse, drug dependency has emerged as one of the most destructive, especially for young individuals ranging from school going children to college students and even younger working individuals. The harm caused by drug addiction extends far beyond the user, impacting families, communities, and society at large, often leaving behind a trail of suffering and devastation. 

Kerala, a state in India renowned for its scenic beauty and exceptional literacy rates, is now facing an alarming surge in drug use among its younger population. What was once a tranquil region is now grappling with a growing public health crisis, largely driven by the expanding reach of drug cartels. These criminal networks have played a major role in the increased availability of narcotics, placing Kerala at the heart of a deepening substance abuse crisis. This article seeks to examine the root causes of drug addiction in Kerala, the impact of the drug mafia in worsening the issue, and the profound psychological, social, and economic toll it takes on young lives. 

The Contemporary Crisis: Youth Drug Addiction and the Rising Power of the Drug Mafia in Kerala 

As the world continues to transform at a rapid pace, the younger generation is increasingly falling victim to the dark pull of substance abuse. Among the various forms of addiction, drug use has emerged as one of the most destructive forces, especially for young people. 

The Drug Mafia’s Grip on Kerala’s Growing Addiction Crisis 

One of the key contributors to the escalating drug problem in Kerala is the increasing dominance of the drug mafia. These well-organized criminal networks are involved in the import, distribution, and sale of illegal substances—not just in urban centers, but also in remote and rural areas. Operating with advanced and covert strategies, these groups pose a serious challenge to law enforcement agencies trying to contain the spread of narcotics. 

Kerala’s drug mafia is part of a broader, transnational web of drug trafficking, with ties to international syndicates that coordinate the flow of drugs across borders. These cartels specifically target at-risk youth, tempting them with offers of easy wealth or social status. Alarmingly, drug peddlers have managed to infiltrate educational institutions and communities, deepening the crisis by establishing a local presence. 

Adding to the complexity is Kerala’s strategic geographical location. The state serves as a vital transit hub for both international and domestic drug trafficking, owing to its extensive coastline and proximity to major maritime routes. The presence of multiple ports and international airports further facilitates the illegal movement of drugs into the region. 

Perhaps the most troubling aspect of this growing menace is how effectively these criminal groups exploit young people, particularly in cities and expanding towns. Using a widespread network of local dealers, drugs are circulated in schools, colleges, and social gathering spots—making it easy to ensnare impressionable youth. Some are even recruited into the drug trade, seduced by the lure of fast money and a seemingly glamorous lifestyle. 

Consequences of Drug Addiction for the Youth 

The consequences of drug addiction among youth in Kerala are far-reaching. At an individual level, drug addiction often leads to deteriorating physical and mental health. Prolonged use of drugs can lead to serious medical conditions such as liver damage, heart problems, respiratory issues, and neurological disorders. In many cases, addiction to opioids like heroin or prescription painkillers can result in overdose deaths. 

From a mental health perspective, addiction can trigger serious conditions such as anxiety, depression, and even hallucinations or psychotic episodes. Emotionally, those struggling with addiction often find it difficult to maintain stable relationships, pursue their education or career goals, or live a fulfilling life. Many young individuals fall into a cycle of despair and isolation, with their ambitions and futures slipping away due to the grip of addiction. 

On a societal level, the consequences are even more profound. Drug addiction contributes to an increase in crime, as many addicts resort to illegal activities, such as theft or violence, to fund their habits. Furthermore, the economic burden of drug addiction is enormous, both in terms of healthcare costs and the loss of productivity in the workforce. 

Families are often torn apart by the addiction of their loved ones. Parents of addicted children in Kerala have been struggling to come to terms with the immense challenges of seeking help for their children, as the social stigma surrounding addiction often prevents open discussions about the issue. In some cases, entire communities are affected, as the youth, once the future of the state, are lost to addiction and its ensuing repercussions. 

On a broader scale, society as a whole also bears the consequences. Drug abuse is often linked to rising crime rates, as addicts may turn to theft, violence, or other unlawful acts to support their addiction. The economic costs are staggering, with increased spending on healthcare and a significant drop in productivity due to the loss of a healthy, capable workforce. 

Kerala has witnessed a troubling surge in violent crimes directly linked to drug addiction, underscoring the severe impact of substance abuse on individuals, families, and communities. Below are documented cases highlighting this crisis: 

1. Mass Murder in Venjaramoodu (February 2025)

A 23-year-old man named Afan confessed to killing six family members, including his 13-year-old brother and grandmother.Police confirmed evidence of drug use in this case.The brutality of the murders shocked the community, emphasizing the potential for extreme violence associated with substance abuse. 

2. Matricide in Kozhikode (January 2025)

Ashiq, 25, who had previously undergone de-addiction treatment, brutally killed his mother, Subaida Kayikkal, after she refused to give him money.He later told police he "punished her for giving birth."This case highlights the tragic consequences of untreated addiction. 

3. Murder of Anti-Drug Advocate in Varkala (December 2024)

Shajahan, a 60-year-old man, was hacked to death by a gang for reporting their drug use to authorities. This incident underscores the dangers faced by individuals who stand against drug abuse in their communities. 

4. Family Assault in Koyilandy (September 2023)

A family of five was attacked by alleged drug peddlers after confronting them about their activities.The victims sustained injuries and required hospitalization.This case illustrates the threats posed by drug networks to ordinary citizens. 

Vellarada murder case, highlighting the potential link between drug abuse and violent behavior: 

On February 5, 2025, Prajin Jose, a 28-year-old man from Kiliyoor, Vellarada, brutally murdered his father, Jose (70), using a machete and knife. The crime occurred at their residence, Charuvila Bungalow, while Prajin's mother, Sushama Kumari, was attending an online prayer session. After the murder, Prajin drove himself to the local police station and confessed to the crime.

Background and Behavioral Changes: Prajin had previously studied MBBS in China but returned home due to the COVID-19 pandemic. He later enrolled in a film studies course in Kochi. Following this, his behavior reportedly changed; he became reclusive, frequently locked himself in his room, and began listening to unusual music. His mother expressed concerns about his involvement in black magic, noting that he often chanted mantras in his room.

While there is no confirmed evidence of drug abuse in this case, Prajin's erratic behavior, including violent outbursts and withdrawal from social and religious activities, raises concerns. Such behavioral changes can sometimes be indicative of substance abuse or mental health issues, which may contribute to violent tendencies. This tragic incident underscores the importance of addressing underlying issues such as substance abuse and mental health in preventing violent behavior. Early intervention and support are crucial in mitigating risks and ensuring the safety and well-being of individuals and their families. 

Rise in Drug-Related Murders (Early 2025)

Kerala Police reported that 30 out of 63 murders in a two-month period were linked to substance abuse. This alarming statistic indicates a significant correlation between drug addiction and violent crime in the state. These cases reflect a broader pattern of drug-induced violence affecting Kerala. The state's response includes increased law enforcement actions, awareness campaigns, and the establishment of a think-tank to monitor drug abuse and youth violence. However, the persistence of such incidents suggests a need for more comprehensive strategies, including community engagement and support for rehabilitation programs.  

Conclusion

The escalating drug addiction crisis in Kerala poses a serious threat to the well-being of thousands of young people and has a profound impact on society as a whole. The drug mafia, with its complex and far-reaching operations, continues to fuel this epidemic by preying on the vulnerabilities of the youth for financial gain. The repercussions—both personal and societal—are devastating, with the potential to derail the future of an entire generation. 

Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted approach. While reinforcing law enforcement efforts is essential, it is equally important to tackle the root causes—such as peer influence, social pressure, and the easy access to narcotics. A united front involving families, schools, and communities is crucial in providing the guidance, awareness, and support systems needed to combat this crisis. Only through collective action can Kerala's youth be empowered to break free from addiction and build a brighter, healthier future.

Sarah Elizabeth Varghese is currently pursuing her 3rd yr BA in Mass Media and Communication, Nitte Institute of Mass Media and Communication, Nitte deemed to be University. Mangaluru.