Daijiworld Media Network – New Delhi
New Delhi, Apr 17: A new study has raised concerns over the impact of widely used weight-loss medications such as tirzepatide and semaglutide, suggesting that while they deliver significant weight reduction, they may also lead to loss of lean body mass, including muscle.
The drugs, sold under brand names like Zepbound, Mounjaro, Wegovy and Ozempic, have become increasingly popular for obesity management due to their strong weight-loss outcomes.
The analysis, conducted by Massachusetts-based firm nference and based on data from around 8,000 patients, compared outcomes between approximately 1,800 users of tirzepatide and 6,200 users of semaglutide.
According to the findings, patients on tirzepatide experienced greater loss of lean body mass. On average, they lost about 1.1% more lean mass after three months, with the gap increasing to around 2% after 12 months compared to semaglutide users.
Researchers noted that lean body mass includes muscle and connective tissues essential for strength, metabolism, and physical function. While weight loss is beneficial in obesity treatment, experts caution that loss of muscle mass can negatively affect strength, mobility, and overall health.
The study also highlighted that higher doses, longer treatment duration, and lower physical activity levels were linked to increased muscle loss risk. Around 10% of tirzepatide users who lost more than 20% of their body weight also lost over 5% of lean mass, compared to fewer than 7% among semaglutide users.
Researchers emphasised the importance of maintaining regular physical activity, particularly strength training, during treatment to reduce the risk of muscle loss.
The findings have not yet undergone peer review, and further validation is required. Drug manufacturers have previously stated in clinical trials that physical function was generally preserved during treatment.
Experts say that while these medications remain highly effective tools in obesity management, a balanced approach combining medication, nutrition, and exercise is essential for long-term health outcomes.